S/RES/1990 creates a new peacekeeping mission in Africa, this time in south Sudan to deal mainly the backlash of the possible of the creation of a new country. The efforts of the mission are closely related to the political development that is taking place in the country towards pacification. The mandate is related to redeployment of forces, de-mining operations, delivery of aid and also building a policy force. The force is designed to be up to 4,200 in military numbers and it is supposed to last six months.
Preamble
The resolution recalls the previous UN resolutions related to Sudan and peacekeeping operations and as well as the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement that is in place in Sudan. There is a reaffirmation of the UN’s commitment to the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity also to peace, stability and security in the region. There is a welcoming of the agreement between the government and the opposition movement, while commending the provision of assistance by African Union representative and regional actors, such as the Government of Ethiopia. On these external actors, it notes the readiness of the UN and the international community to assist the parties in Sudan, while highlighting the importance of coherence of UN assistance.
There is an expression of concern with the current situation in the Abyei Area and acts of violence committed against civilians and on the importance of the implementation in full of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. It calls on all parties to provide humanitarian personnel and to facilitate the return of internally displaced persons of the region. Still in the preamble, there is a note on the establishment of a local policy and it also welcomes the efforts of the organization related to S/RES/1983, when it comes to HIV/AIDS. The resolution moves to call upon all parties to engage constructively in negotiations, while recognizing that the situation in Abyei is a threat to international peace and security.
Operative Clauses
The resolution creates the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) for a period of six months, with a maximum of 4,200 military personnel, 50 police personnel and appropriate civilian support for it. The mandate entrusted upon them is to deal with the redeployment of any related armies in the area of Abyei; to participate in the relevant bodies; to provide assistance in de-mining; to facilitate delivery of humanitarian aid; to strengthen the capacity of the policy; and to provide security for the oil infrastructure. Under Chapter VII, they defines their rules of engagement as being the necessary actions to protect their personnel and related material; to protect UN personnel and related material; to ensure freedom of movement for UN personnel and related individuals; to protect civilians in the area; to protect the area from incursions by unauthorized elements and to ensure security in the area.
S/RES/1990 request that it be concluded a status-of-forces agreement after the adoption of this resolution. It also calls on the Member States to ensure the free movement of all personnel related to UNISFA. There is also the underscoring of the imperative of expeditious deployment of UNISFA and the urging for the Secretary-General to take steps for rapid and efficient implementation. The resolution also urges the governments of the region to cooperate with each other and to provide full support to the mission. It also stresses the cooperation between the governments of Sudan and South Sudan as critical for peace, security and stability of the region. For that same reason it calls upon the governments to fufil their commitment under the agreement and to consider the proposals from the African Union representatives.
There is a request to the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights monitoring takes place, it further requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed through reports no later than thirty days after this resolution and every sixty days after that. It also decides to review the role of the mission in the implementation of the peace agreement no later than three months after the adoption of this resolution. There is further a request for the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to assure full compliance of the mission with the zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses. It also decides to remain actively seized of the matter.
In sum
The resolution creates a mission designed to support the efforts on the peace agreements that have been negotiated between the different government of the region. The 4,200 strong mission is scheduled to last six months with constant reviewing process that are to take place during the course of the mandate. On the paper, it seems to be a well thought mission that has the consent of the involved parties. I hope the six month mandate is enough for them to achieve their stated goals.
Preamble
The resolution recalls the previous UN resolutions related to Sudan and peacekeeping operations and as well as the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement that is in place in Sudan. There is a reaffirmation of the UN’s commitment to the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity also to peace, stability and security in the region. There is a welcoming of the agreement between the government and the opposition movement, while commending the provision of assistance by African Union representative and regional actors, such as the Government of Ethiopia. On these external actors, it notes the readiness of the UN and the international community to assist the parties in Sudan, while highlighting the importance of coherence of UN assistance.
There is an expression of concern with the current situation in the Abyei Area and acts of violence committed against civilians and on the importance of the implementation in full of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. It calls on all parties to provide humanitarian personnel and to facilitate the return of internally displaced persons of the region. Still in the preamble, there is a note on the establishment of a local policy and it also welcomes the efforts of the organization related to S/RES/1983, when it comes to HIV/AIDS. The resolution moves to call upon all parties to engage constructively in negotiations, while recognizing that the situation in Abyei is a threat to international peace and security.
Operative Clauses
The resolution creates the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) for a period of six months, with a maximum of 4,200 military personnel, 50 police personnel and appropriate civilian support for it. The mandate entrusted upon them is to deal with the redeployment of any related armies in the area of Abyei; to participate in the relevant bodies; to provide assistance in de-mining; to facilitate delivery of humanitarian aid; to strengthen the capacity of the policy; and to provide security for the oil infrastructure. Under Chapter VII, they defines their rules of engagement as being the necessary actions to protect their personnel and related material; to protect UN personnel and related material; to ensure freedom of movement for UN personnel and related individuals; to protect civilians in the area; to protect the area from incursions by unauthorized elements and to ensure security in the area.
S/RES/1990 request that it be concluded a status-of-forces agreement after the adoption of this resolution. It also calls on the Member States to ensure the free movement of all personnel related to UNISFA. There is also the underscoring of the imperative of expeditious deployment of UNISFA and the urging for the Secretary-General to take steps for rapid and efficient implementation. The resolution also urges the governments of the region to cooperate with each other and to provide full support to the mission. It also stresses the cooperation between the governments of Sudan and South Sudan as critical for peace, security and stability of the region. For that same reason it calls upon the governments to fufil their commitment under the agreement and to consider the proposals from the African Union representatives.
There is a request to the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights monitoring takes place, it further requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed through reports no later than thirty days after this resolution and every sixty days after that. It also decides to review the role of the mission in the implementation of the peace agreement no later than three months after the adoption of this resolution. There is further a request for the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to assure full compliance of the mission with the zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses. It also decides to remain actively seized of the matter.
In sum
The resolution creates a mission designed to support the efforts on the peace agreements that have been negotiated between the different government of the region. The 4,200 strong mission is scheduled to last six months with constant reviewing process that are to take place during the course of the mandate. On the paper, it seems to be a well thought mission that has the consent of the involved parties. I hope the six month mandate is enough for them to achieve their stated goals.
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